15 May 2025 (Thursday) - Neutropenia

Here’s an interesting article on the treatment of symptomatic neutropenia. Reading this makes it pretty clear that genetics has moved on a lot since I was at college, and this is why I need to do CPD.

I can’t pretend to understand the article entirely, but some of it stuck.


14 May 025 (Wednesday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Well, I was at a bit of a loose end, so I sparked up the BTLP-TACT thingy. It gave me one case – a seventy-eight year-old chap under the medical people who had coffee ground vomiting who needed group and save.
He grouped as A Rh(D) Positive with a negative antibody screen.
 
I got the green light so, flushed with success I had another go. This time it presented me with one case – a ninety-seven year-old chap needing two units of cryo for vitamin K deficiency.
 
The control well was positive, so the entire group was invalidated. Fortunately for my nerves the antibody screen was negative.
 
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/vitamin-k-deficiency implies cryo is indicated in cases of vitamin K deficiency, so I issued two units of AB cryo.
 
I got the thumbs down… Apparently cryo isn’t indicated in cases of vitamin K deficiency.
My mistake… now I’ve had the thumbs-down I 've realised that I was thinking of Factor V.
Mind you, I have to wonder what the nice people at Science Direct were thinking of.

13 May 2025 (Tuesday) - Horiba Newsletter

A blood film from someone with thalassaemia major, and a little review of platelets. Guess the cell (stab cell), and I got last month’s question right (positive bias).
There wasn’t *loads* in Horiba’s monthly update, but little and often works well for my poor brain…

 

12 May 2025 (Monday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Is it really a week since I last had a go at the BTLP-TACT thingy?  It gave me two cases:
 

50265 – a thirty year old woman in the haematology clinic needing four units of FFP for a Factor V deficiency.

Great Ormond Street say they use FFP to treat Factor V deficiency, so if it is good enough for them, it is good enough for me.

She grouped as A Rh(D) Positive with a negative antibody screen.

I issued four units of A FFP

11250 – an eighty-nine year old chap in the out patients requiring group and save

He too grouped as A Rh(D) Positive but with an antibody screen positive in cells 2 & 3. I requested antibody panels.

The IAT and enzyme panels were positive in cells 1, 3, 4 6 and 7 corresponding with anti-Jk(a)

 
I got it all right.

8 May 2025 (Thursday) - Peri-Natal Complications

One of the reasons that I don’t like being seconded to our sister laboratory is that their hospital has a maternity unit. And when pregnant ladies need the blood bank it can be quite scary for all concerned.
Here’s a little article from Blood Bytes and Beyond about managing peripartum complications in the blood bank.
 
The take-home messages are
 
·       Anticipate haemorrhagic risk in patients with placenta accreta spectrum, previa, abruption, or uterine rupture
·       Tailor MTP for obstetrics: early cryoprecipitate and TXA are critical
·       Differentiate causes of thrombocytopenia: preeclampsia/HELLP vs. TTP vs. aHUS dictates treatment
·       Monitor for DIC in any critically ill pregnant patient
·       Provide close antibody monitoring: alloantibodies may impact future pregnancies
 
I’ve not long signed up to Blood Bytes and Beyond. So far, so good…

6 May 2025 (Tuesday) - Fritsma Factor Update

The nice people at The Fritsma Factor sent their update today. You can read it by clicking here. As always there’s quite a bit of interest, and all for free.

6 May 2025 (Tuesday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Time for another BTLP-TACT exercise… I was (eventually) presented with one case – a sixty-three year-old chap needing six units of blood right away for a gunshot wound.
He grouped as B Rh(D) Positive with a negative antibody screen.
I selected six units of O Rh(D) Positive blood.
I got the thumbs-up.

 

6 May 2025 (Tuesday) - Feeling Smug

I got the results of NEQAS 2502 DM today. My notes said:
 
  • Falciparum - ring forms & gametocytes
  • Ovale schizonts (as fimbrillation) on red cells
  • ??? exflagellation
  • Unusual Wbc
 
The expert opinion said:
 
“This case shows a dual parasite infection with P. falciparum and P. ovale. Cases such as this are infrequent but certainly seen. The key is to recognise when things don’t quite match those of a single species. Present on this film are early trophozoites of P. ovale, late trophozoites of P. falciparum, and gametocytes of each species. There is a phagocyte containing malaria pigment.”
 
Well, I spotted the two species correctly, and the “unusual Wbc” I saw would be the one with the malarial pigment. Bearing how infrequently we see positive malarial smears, let alone ones with dual infestations, as Kryten 2X4B 523P would say “engage smug mode”

5 May 2025 (Monday) - Pelger-Huet Anomaly


I saw what looked like a case of Pelger Huet anomaly last Friday. I took a rather poor photo, and then… I discovered that many years ago I started a page on my atlas on the matter but never actually published it.
So I wrote it up and published it. You can see it by clicking here and clicking on the relevant bit.
If you click there and look at the relevant bit you will see that one photo is far better than the other. Back in the day I had a camera attachment that I stuck into the microscope. I need to get another of those.

1 May 2025 (Thursday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Time for another BTLP-TACT exercise… I was (eventually) presented with one case – a fifty-three year-old woman needing group and save for a hernia repair.
She grouped as A Rh(D) Positive with a negative antibody screen.
I got the green light…

 

1 May 2025 (Thursday) - HCPC Update

The HCPC sent their update today. You can read it by clicking here. Like the UKAS update it’s rather dry and at first sight maybe not that relevant to my daily round. But it pays to keep abreast of things…

For example they are changing how they are taking the direct debit payments…


30 April 2025 (Wednesday) - UKAS Update

UKAS sent their update today. You can read it by clicking here. Back in the day I would have been very negative and opinionated about it. These days I’ve conceded that love it or loathe it, this is how it is, and I might as well embrace it.

If only they would actually say what their standards were and how we might practically adhere to them than I would find it much easier to get on-board with them… but there it is.

30 April 2025 (Wednesday) - Iron Deficient H.E.

An interesting case… an iron-deficient case of hereditary elliptocytosis. There’s more about it in my atlas


28 April 2025 (Monday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Time for another BTLP-TACT exercise. I pressed the button and the thing told me it was unable to start. I pressed it again and it gave me two cases:
 

30883 – a twenty-three year-old woman in theatre having LSCS needing group & save. She grouped as O Rh(D) Positive with a negative antibody screen.

65153 – a ninety year old chap in theatre having a hernia sorted needing group & save. He also grouped as O Rh(D) Positive but with antibody screen positive in cells 1 & 3. I performed antibody panels. The IAT panel was positive in cells 1, 3, 6, 9 and 10 corresponding with anti Fy(a) but not ruling out anti-Cw or anti Lu(a). However the enzyme panel being negative throughout did rule those out.

 
I got the thumbs-up.

28 April 2025 (Monday) - Eosinophils Page

I created a page on eosinophils in my Atlas today. A very basic page… so basic that there’s not actually anything at all on there. But it is something… it’s a start. I shall work on it.. and work on the rest of the atlas too…


27 April 2025 (Sunday) - Slide Saturday Challenge

Hypochromic microcytic red cells – you can tell they are microcytic by comparing them with the lymphocyte.
There’s target cells too…

26 April 2025 (Saturday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Time for another BTLP-TACT exercise.  I was presented with one case – a sixty year old woman with liver disease who was bleeding and required four units of FFP

Her cell group was A, but there was no reaction in the reverse group. However both the anti-D and control were negative. That makes the ABO group uninterpretable, but the Rh(D) group negative.
The antibody screen was positive in cells 1 & 2 so I performed antibody panels. The IAT  and enzyme panels were positive in cells 1, 2, 3 and 4 corresponding with anti-C and anti-D but not ruling out anti-Cw.
I selected 4 units of A FFP.
 
I got the green light.

 

25 April 2025 (Friday) - Pernicious Anaemia

I saw a case of pernicious anaemia today, so I wrote it up for my atlas. You can see that atlas by clicking here. I’ve not done much with that recently; perhaps I should…

24 April 2025 (Thursday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Time for another BTLP-TACT exercise.  I was presented with two cases:
 

93489 – a thirty-two year-old chap with a bladder tumour requiring group and save.

He grouped as B Rh(D) Positive with antibody screen positive in cells 1 & 2. I performed antibody panels. The enzyme panel was negative throughout, and the IAT panel was positive in cells 2,4,5,7,8,and 10 corresponding with anti-Fy(b).

96881 – a seventy-seven year-old woman with an aortic aneurysm requiring six units of blood within two hours.

She grouped as A Rh(D) Positive with antibody screen positive in cells 2 & 3. I performed antibody panels. The IAT and enzyme panels were positive in cells 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 corresponding with anti-Jk(a).

I went through the A and the O blood and found four units that were Jk(a) Negative and selected them.

 
I got the green light, which was something of a result I thought…

22 April 2025 (Tuesday) - Westgard QC Update

The nice people at Westgard QC sent their update today. Perhaps a tad heavy going, but all useful stuff…


20 April 2025 (Sunday) - Slide Saturday Challenge

 

Well… the question is worded rather badly. The cell is a neutrophil. One showing toxic granulation and with a Dohle body. You see these in septic conditions and when there’s a lot going on in the bone marrow – like when the patient is being treated with stimulating factors.

18 April 2025 (Friday) - ASH Update

The nice people at the American Society of Hematology sent an update about various clinical trials today. Perhaps a tad over my head, but all useful stuff…

Clinical Trials Corner
 
 
 
Can Abelacimab Attenuate the Risk of Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation? 
 
Michael Scott, MD, MHPE
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202537
 
 
Committee Corner
 
 
 
Committee Corner The ASH Foundation Is a Reflection of the Society 
 
James Labelle, MD, PhD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.2025310
 
 
Diffusion
 
 
 
Better Together? Combining Teclistamab and Talquetamab in RedirecTT-1 
 
Darren Pan, MD ; Anupama D. Kumar, MDJodi J. Lipof, MDAlfred Chung, MDAjai Chari, MD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.2025311
 
 
Dual BCR::ABL1 Inhibition Shows Promise in Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 
 
Scott Furlan, MD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.2025312
 
 
Does 1 + 1 = 2? Combining Targeted Agents in Frontline Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 
 
Tycel Phillips, MD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.2025313
 
 
Debunking the Myth: Sickle Cell Trait and Exertion-Related Deaths — A Review of the Evidence 
 
Chinonso Onuoha, MD ; Samuel R. Wilson, MD, MSCRPatrick Ellsworth, MD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202536
 
 
Pomalidomide: A Step on the PATH Forward for Treatment of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia 
 
Emily Wolf, MDEwa Wysokinska, MDSurbhi Shah, MBBS, MD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202535
 
 
Will CAR T Cells Ever Work in Acute Myeloid Leukemia? Perhaps, If We Follow the Cytokines 
 
Lori Muffly, MD, MS
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202533
 
 
CRISPR-Based Diagnostic Assay for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia 
 
Elizabeth L. Courville, MD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202531
 
 
DARA to Believe: Anti-CD38 Antibody Improves Outcomes in Relapsed/Refractory Pediatric T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Lymphoma 
 
Zachary Graff, MDLauren Pommert, MD, MS
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202534
 
 
Best in Class? DLBclass, a New Classification Tool for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma to Facilitate Development of Molecular-Based Precision Treatments 
 
Brian T. Hill, MD, PhD
 
April 2025, Vol.22, . doi: 10.1182/hem.V22.3.202532

16 April 2025 (Wednesday) - BTLP-TACT Exercise

Time for another BTLP-TACT exercise. I was presented with one case – a forty-year-old woman in the ante-natal clinic requiring group and save.
She grouped as O Rh(D) Negative with a negative antibody screen
I got it right

 

15 April 2025 (Tuesday) - Transfusion Evidence Library Update

The nice people at the Transfusion Evidence Library sent their update today. Quite a bit to take in, but it pays to pay attention. I’m not quite sure how to word it… either best practice is modified by experience, or fashions change.
Back in the day whole blood transfusion was a thing. Then it became frowned upon. Now it is back in vogue.

ARTICLE OF THE MONTH

TOP ARTICLES

The effect of delayed cord clamping on early cardiac and cerebral hemodynamics, mortality, and severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants < 32 weeks: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Aljohani, E., and Goyal, M. (2025). European Journal of Pediatrics.

A cost-effective measure to prevent hemorrhage in ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy.
Cai, Q., and Wu, X. (2025). BMC Gastroenterology.

Multicentre randomised controlled trial of a self-assembling haemostatic gel to prevent delayed bleeding following endoscopic mucosal resection (PURPLE Trial).
Drews, J., et al. (2025). Gut. [Record in progress].

Plasma exchange therapy for the post COVID-19 condition: a phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.
España-Cueto, S., et al. (2025). Nature Communications.

Facilitators of and barriers to blood donation among voluntary non-remunerated blood donors in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.
Gondwe, A., et al. (2025). Vox Sanguinis. [Record in progress].

Early, very high-titre convalescent plasma therapy in clinically vulnerable individuals with mild COVID-19: an international, randomised, open-label trial.
Hoffmann, S., et al. (2025). EBioMedicine.

Effect of fresh whole blood donation on human performance in United States Special Forces.
Houser, A.P., et al. (2025). Journal of Special Operations Medicine.

Implementation strategies for WHO guidelines to prevent, detect, and treat postpartum hemorrhage.
Semrau, K., et al. (2025). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Red blood cell transfusion management for people undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease.
Wilkinson, K.L., et al. (2025). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.