The correct answer is option 3. Matched sibling donor transplantation using bone marrow. For younger patients with severe or very severe aplastic anemia who have an available HLA-identical sibling donor, upfront allogeneic transplantation is the preferred first-line treatment.
The priority order of donor source for bone marrow transplantation is: (1) HLA-identical sibling, (2) HLA-matched unrelated donor, and (3) HLA-haploidentical donor if an HLA-matched unrelated donor is not rapidly available. Each of these donor marrow sources may be preferable to nontransplant IST.
Upfront transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling donor is preferred in eligible patients because immunosuppressive therapy is associated with a continued risk of relapse and clonal evolution to MDS or AML, whereas allogeneic transplantation offers a potentially curative treatment.
The priority order of donor source for bone marrow transplantation is: (1) HLA-identical sibling, (2) HLA-matched unrelated donor, and (3) HLA-haploidentical donor if an HLA-matched unrelated donor is not rapidly available. Each of these donor marrow sources may be preferable to nontransplant IST.
Upfront transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling donor is preferred in eligible patients because immunosuppressive therapy is associated with a continued risk of relapse and clonal evolution to MDS or AML, whereas allogeneic transplantation offers a potentially curative treatment.
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